Most sampling activities take place in and around areas inhabited by animals.  Before a field trip, try to determine which species inhabit the area and how to deal with them.

In general, expect animals to defend their territory.  Smaller mammals are likely to be afraid of humans, but don’t count on it. For instance, beware of porcupines and skunks that cease to flee and raise their tails vertically.  They fight with their tails and the field person may become a target for flying quills or noxious excretions.  The following guidelines are recommended to avoid animal attacks while in the field:

• Avoid surprising animals by making noise while traversing a trail or open country.
• Choose open terrain with good visibility.
• Make a wide detour around any animals with young.  Most animals will vigorously protect their young and should not be approached or disturbed.
• Avoid walking in pastures or fields with domestic bulls.
• Avoid any animals acting abnormally.  Many smaller mammals, including the coyote, fox, badger, raccoon, skunk, and squirrel may bite and transmit rabies.
• Carry a walking stick to fend off attacks from domestic dogs.

Although pepper spray, or Mace, is classified as a dangerous weapon in MD.  It may be carried as  “reasonable precaution” against a threat to your safety.

If you will be working in other areas of the country or world, you may need to take additional precautions.